According to Operational Taskforce (OTF) GRIMM, the Europol group set up to tackle the problem, the teenage hitmen are recruited on social media, and are given their instructions in a "gamified" way, imitating how computer games work.
Andy Kraag, the head of Europol's European Serious and Organised Crime Centre, calls it the "calculated outsourcing of murder" to vulnerable young people.
OTF GRIMM currently involves 11 countries affected by the VaaS phenomenon - Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
...
OTF GRIMM has had some successes in the 15 months since it was set up. Police have made more than 280 arrests including a few key suspects.
One of the most important arrests was that of Ahmed, who is thought to be Agent 47.
He was detained in the Kurdish city of Sulaymaniyah in Iraq, and is currently subject to an extradition request to Sweden.
The Swedish deputy national police commissioner Stefan Hector said they were "constantly expanding our co-operation with other countries" and showing organised criminals "they cannot feel safe anywhere in the world".
In May, Mohamed "Moewgli" Mohdhi, a former rapper described by Swedish police as a "central actor" in Foxtrot, was arrested in Tunisia.
But Majid himself remains out of reach in Iran.
...