In terms of security, it's definitely best to use either zigbee or thread bulbs with a dedicated dongle plugged directly into your HA server (never use the manufacturer's hub). That way, they can only communicate with your HA directly, and there's no way for them to access the internet surreptitiously.
I highly recommended the Sonoff dongles, I'm using the MG24 for my thread devices and an older model for my zigbee ones and they've been rock solid. Just make sure to use a USB extension cable to plug them in as your USB ports can generate electrical interference - do not ignore this advice! I did at first and it caused me problems. (Iirc the MG24 actually comes with one in the box)
Something else to note is that you can't use the same dongle for both ZigBee and Thread at the same time, they each need to be flashed with the respective firmware for the protocol you want to use.
I've always been confused why Breakthrough Starshot always showed the square km laser array on the ground instead of a bunch of satellites in orbit. That way you wouldn't have to account for atmospheric attenuation of the lasers PLUS you could probably get military funding for putting a gigawatt of laser capacity in orbit lmao.
Like sure, the likes of Starlink were still just getting going when Breakthrough Starshot was conceptualised, so the idea of a large satellite constellation probably wasn't on their radar yet, but at the same time - they were talking about sending thousands of probes to Proxima Centauri so it's a mystery to me why they didn't see that kind of technological progress being possible by the time we were doing that